Pakistan and Iran agree to ‘de-escalate’ after trading air strikes

Pakistan and Iran have decided to reduce tensions after a series of deadly airstrikes in the Baluchistan border region, shared by both countries, escalated regional concerns. Iran initiated a missile and drone strike targeting “terrorist” camps in Pakistan, which was followed by Pakistan’s retaliation with airstrikes on Iranian soil. The situation became more strained when Pakistan called back its ambassador from Tehran and Iran’s envoy to Islamabad was prevented from returning.

However, diplomatic efforts seem to be effective as the foreign ministers of both countries, Jalil Abbas Jilani of Pakistan and Hossein Amir-Abdollahian of Iran, conducted a phone conversation. They agreed to enhance coordination on counter-terrorism and other mutual concerns, aiming to de-escalate the current situation. Amir-Abdollahian emphasized the need for cooperation to eliminate terrorist bases in Pakistan.

Analysts anticipated that both nations would seek a resolution to avoid further conflict. Despite the aggressive military actions, Tehran and Islamabad maintain that they targeted domestic militants operating across their borders. The International Institute for Strategic Studies’ Antoine Levesques suggested that the two countries are now on a more even footing.

In Pakistan, Prime Minister Anwaar-ul-Haq Kakar, who interrupted his trip to the World Economic Forum in Davos due to the crisis, chaired an emergency security meeting. While reiterating Pakistan’s commitment to its sovereignty, the meeting also recognized the importance of addressing mutual security concerns with Iran for regional peace and stability.

This escalation and subsequent de-escalation occur against the backdrop of a collective death toll from the strikes and concerns about potential border closures, which could severely impact local trade and livelihoods. The Baluchistan region, where separatist movements have been active, is crucial for both countries in terms of security and economic stability.