Scientists Hint: Dark Matter May Consist of Particles Faster Than Light

Dark matter constitutes over 95 percent of the universe, yet its nature remains elusive. Two scientists, Samuel H. Kramer from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Ian H. Redmount from Saint Louis University, have proposed that particles known as tachyons, which move faster than light, could potentially make up dark matter. These hypothetical particles challenge Einstein’s theory of relativity, which posits that the speed of light is the maximum speed limit in the cosmos.

According to their research, tachyons could significantly influence cosmic events. Their paper suggests that if these particles are predominant in the universe, the concept would still align with modern physics principles.

The scientists have introduced a new model, suggesting that the universe first decelerates before accelerating. This contrasts with the standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model, which attributes acceleration to dark energy. In their model, the properties of tachyons dictate the universe’s expansion rate.

Tachyons, being faster than light, possess a unique form of kinetic energy that causes a transition from deceleration to acceleration. The researchers used Type Ia supernovae, known as “standard candles” for their consistent luminosity, as evidence. They fitted their model to supernova data and found that a universe with tachyons could explain the observed acceleration.

Their results align with existing models, indicating that the tachyon-based model could be a plausible alternative. While tachyons are currently theoretical, their existence could profoundly impact fields such as particle physics and general relativity.

However, further testing and studies are necessary to validate this model.

### What are Dark Matter and Dark Energy?
Dark matter and dark energy constitute 95 percent of the universe, yet little is known about them. Dark matter, making up 27 percent of the universe, largely influences the movement of galaxies and galaxy clusters. Dark energy, comprising about 68 percent, is responsible for the universe’s accelerated expansion.