Breakthrough: Nanoparticles target multiple COVID variants, say researchers

Researchers from the University of Michigan and Jiangnan University in Wuxi, China, have developed nanoparticles capable of combating various strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, offering a promising advancement in enhancing the effectiveness of COVID-19 treatments. The findings were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal.

The motivation for new COVID-19 treatments stems from the limitations of current therapies and vaccines. While mRNA vaccines have been successful, they do not provide complete protection, and vaccinated individuals, particularly the elderly, remain susceptible to the virus. Additionally, the emergence of new virus strains requires regular vaccine updates to sustain protection. According to Professor Nicholas Kotov of the University of Michigan, as reported by Phys Org, the body’s delay in generating antibodies can leave some individuals vulnerable. Furthermore, while Pfizer’s Paxlovid has been effective, it’s not suitable for everyone, especially those with cardiovascular conditions.

The innovative nanoparticles designed by the research team exploit the specific orientation, or chirality, of spike proteins on the virus surface. By matching the left-handed orientation of the virus proteins, these nanoparticles effectively bind to and neutralize the virus, hindering its ability to infect cells.

Early tests involving mice infected with various pseudovirus strains demonstrated that the nanoparticle treatment was able to eliminate 95% of the viruses in the lungs, showing significant promise.

The research team plans to further assess the safety and effectiveness of these nanoparticles in human studies. Collaborations included the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, along with the Brazilian Centre for Research in Energy and Materials.

This groundbreaking research introduces a novel approach to fighting COVID-19, potentially playing a crucial role in global efforts to manage and prevent the spread of the virus through further development and application of these nanoparticles.